Tuesday, January 3, 2012

Today in History # 9 - Noriega surrenders

Day 1 - A,C,D

Please click on link below and read the article on Noriega.

http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history

After reading the article, please respond with a 100 word essay on the following questions. Who is Noriega? Why did he become a leader in Panama? Why did he surrender to the U.S.?

Due by January 5, 2012 by 8:00pm

45 comments:

  1. Noriega was born on February 11th 1934. He is a former Panama politician and soldier. He was a military governor of Panama. His real name is Manuel Antonio Noriega Moreno. He was commissioned in the Panama National Guard in 1967 and promoted to lieutenant in 1968. He was part of the military coup that removed Arnulfo Arias from power. General Noriega, who had defied American efforts to drive him from power for more than four years, was removed under cover of night from the Vatican Embassy in Panama, where he had taken refuge 10 days ago. Mr. Bush appeared in the White House briefing room at about 9:40 P.M., less than an hour after General Noriega surrendered, to announce that the deposed Panamanian strongman was aboard an Air Force C-131 transport plane bound for Homestead Air Force Base in southern Florida.

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  2. Noriega was once a general of Panama's military forces and became de facto leader of the country. He was also a double agent selling American intelligence secrets to Cuba and Eastern European governments. Noriega became the leader in Panama because of his hard work and preservance. He worked his way up to the top.Started off by being comissioned in Panama's National Guard and then promoted to lieutenant. After years of Noriega's dictatorship people of the country started to revoke his power. The U.S cutted off all aid to Panama. Noriega surrendered to the U.S because after more than 4 years of trying to make him surrender he surrenedered undercover. Under cover of night from the Vatican Embassy in Panama. This is the story of Noriega The REAL Noriega.

    -SabinaColas C-Block!

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  3. Manuel Antonio Noriega, who was born in Panama in 1938, was a loyal soldier to General Omar Torrijos, who seized power in a 1968 coup. Noriega headed up the notorious G-2 intelligence service, which harassed and terrorized people who criticized the Torrijos regime. Noriega also became a C.I.A. operative, while at the same time getting rich smuggling drugs. After Torrijos died, he became the country's de facto leader. After holing up for 10 days at the Vatican embassy in Panama City, Noriega surrendered to U.S. military troops to face charges of drug trafficking. It is said that he surrendered because he is an opera lover, and the U.S. Military troops blasted rock-n-roll music outside of the Vatican Embassy until Noriega came out and surrendered.

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  4. This comment has been removed by the author.

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  5. Manuel Antonio Noriega Moreno was born on 11 February 1934 in Panama City. Noriega is most famous for being a Panamanian general and dictator. He ruled over Panama from 1983 until 1989. However, he was never the official president of the country. Instead, he asserted an iron grip as the country’s de facto military head.General Noriega, who had defied American efforts to drive him from power for more than four years, was removed under cover of night from the Vatican Embassy in Panama, where he had taken refuge 10 days ago. He was then flown by United States military helicopter to Howard Air Base in Panama City, where he was arrested by agents of the United States Drug Enforcement Administration.

    Samantha Zuniga
    D block

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  6. Noriega was once a general of Panama's military forces and became de facto leader of the country. He was also a double agent selling American intelligence secrets to Cuba and Eastern European governments. Noriega became the leader in Panama because of his hard work and preservance. He worked his way up to the top.Started off by being comissioned in Panama's National Guard and then promoted. He was then flown by United States military helicopter to Howard Air Base in Panama City, where he was arrested by agents of the United States Drug Enforcement Administration. I'm personally glad he surrendered

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  7. Noriega was the general of Panama until he finally surrendered to the US because of the drug trafficing that he was doing he got sent to jail for 40 years on July 10, 1992. Noriega became a leader in Panama because of the death of Panama's formal General in a Fatal Plane Crash he instantly rose to power fixing elections and essentially becoming a dictator. He surrendered to the US because of the 25,000 soldiers the US sent there to make him surrender which ended bad for him, obviously.

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  8. Manuel Antonio Noriega Moreno is a former Panamanian politician and soldier. During the invasion of Panama by the United States in 1989, he was removed from power and detained as a prisoner of war. He was tried on eight counts of drug trafficking, racketeering, and money laundering in 1992. Noriega's U.S. prison sentence ended in September 2007, depending on the outcome of extradition requests by Panama and France, for murder in 1995 and money laundering in 1999. He was found guilty and sentenced to seven years in jail 2010. A conditional release was granted on September 23, 2011 for Noriega to be extradited to serve 20 years in Panama.

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  9. Manuel Antonio Noriega was born in Panama in 1938. He was a loyal soldier to General Omar Torrijos, who seized power in 1968. Noriega headed up the notorious G-2 intelligence service, which harassed and terrorized people who criticized the Torrijos reign. He was basically in search of power. After Torrijos died in a plane crash in 1981, 2 years of power struggle came in Panama until Noriega came on top and took over siezing power of Panama. In 1988 the U.S. cut off all help to Panama and send it into a state of emrgency. Then in 1989 the U.S. sent troops into Panama City and captured Noriega who is now in aMiami prison.

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  10. Noriega was born in Panama in 1938 and was a loyal soldier to General Omar Torrijos. He was also Panama's General. With Torrijos, Noriega headed up the notorious G-2 intelligence service so they can harass and terrorize people who criticized the Torrijos regime. He also became a C.I.A operative but got some money through drugs. In 1981 Torrijos died so Noriega became the general of Panama's military forces. He was a double agent and sold American intelligence secrets to Cuba and Eastern European governments. In 1987 Panamanians organized protests against him so he declared a national emergency which he shut down radio stations and all other communications. the United Staes cut off aid to Panama and tried to get him to resign. Noriega voided the following election in 1989 and the U.S added troops and caught him and he is now in Prison in Miami.

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  11. Manuel Antonio Noreiga was born in 1938 in Panama. Noreiga was a loyal soldier to General Omar Trojillos. He was also a C.I.A operative and smuggled drugs while getting rich. Noreiga became leader in Panama because Omar Torrijos died in a plane crash. He also fixed presidential elecations and had men of his as puppets in the elections. Noreiga was also a double agent selling things to Cuba and America. Noreiga surrendered because George W. Bush sent out "Operation Just Cause" which killed 450 panamanian soldiers and the U.S had soldiers all over Panama City. Noreiga was flown to miami and sentenced for forty years in prison.

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  12. The real “Noriega” was born on February 11th 1934 and also was a former Panama politician, a military governor of Panama and a solider. Believe it or not Noriega’s real official government name was Manuel Antonio Noriega Moreno. In 1967 he became a national guard then later he got promoted to lieutenant in 1968 which led him into being the leader of Panama cause of his infamous and famous reputation. Years passed and Noriega, who deceived American efforts and his people not obeying his dictatorship the U.S finally decided to stop helping him and just capture him. Noriega surrendered because after four long years without being seen or apprehended so he decided to surrender undercover without anyone personnel knowing that were part of the media president Bush at the time appeared l an hour after Noriega surrendered, to announce that the deposed Panamanian strongman was aboard an Air Force C-131 transport plane heading to Homestead in Florida.

    ALBERN DOMOND C-BLOCK!

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  13. Manuel Antonio Noriega was born in Panama in 1938. He was a former Panamanian politician and soldier. He was military governor of Panama and who seized power in 1968.Noriega had surrendered to the United States military authorities in Panama, giving the President the final victory he had been seeking in the invasion of Panama. He avoided an election in 1989, the United States troops caught him, and he is recently in a prison in Miami.

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  14. Noriega was born in Panama in 1938, and was a loyal soldier to General Omar Torrijos. He became a C.I.A operative, but also received money for smuggling drugs. He was able to become leader in Panama after the death of his leader Torrijos in a plane crash. Noriega became the general of Panama’s military forces. He later surrendered to the U.S. because of George Washington authorized “Operation Just Caused” after an American marine was killed by Panamanian soldiers. George Washington started all of these actions to end the drug trafficking by Torrijos.

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  15. Noriega was a general and former military leader of Panama. He was the military governor of Panama from 1983 to 1989. He was born in 1934 in Panama. After the invasion of Panama by the United States, he lost power. He became a prisoner of war and was taken to the United States. . The US had been trying to drive him out of power for more than 4 years. In 1992, he was tried for trafficking drugs, racketeering and money laundering. He was recently let out of prison in September 2011 and arrived back in Panama December 2011 to also serve time in prison.
    -Michi Ablk

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  16. Manuel Antonio Noriega was born on February 11, 1934. He was a military governor of Panama from 1983-1989. He was a loyal soldier to General Omar Torrijos, who seized power in a 1968 coup. Under Torrijos, Noriega headed up the notorious G-2 intelligence service, which harassed and terrorized people who criticized the Torrijos regime. Noriega also became a C.I.A. operative, while at the same time getting rich smuggling drugs. In 1981 when Torrijos died in a plane crash Noriega emerged as general of Panama’s military forces. He became the country's de facto leader, fixing presidential elections so he could install his own puppet officials. He also became a double agent, selling American intelligence secrets to Cuba and Eastern European governments. In 1987 the U.S. tried to get Noriega to resign from his position. President George H.W. Bush authorized "Operation Just Cause," and on December 20, 1989, 13,000 U.S. troops were sent to occupy Panama City, along with the 12,000 already there, and seize Noriega.

    -Nathalia Guzman
    -C Block

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  17. Noriega isna soldier to General Omar Torrijos, he became the countries DE Faxto leader. He became the leader of Panama to fix the presidential elections so that he could install his own puppet officials. He surrendered because the merican troops had captured him.
    Cristina Smalzer
    1-4-12
    A- block

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  18. Noriega, born February 11, 1934, was a general and military governor of Panama for most of the 1980s. He led an intelligence group notorious for harassing those that spoke poorly of Torrijos, the general he was ever so loyal to. After Torrijos's death he was able to take control and get leadership in Panama. But in 1989, the US successfully invaded Panama and seized him as a prisoner of war after he surrendered.

    D block
    Cristina Jatib

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  19. Manuel Antonio Noreiga was born in Panama in the year 1934 in the month of February Noreiga was a loyal soldier to General Omar Trojillos. He was also a C.I.A operative and smuggled drugs while getting rich. Noreiga became leader in Panama because Omar Torrijos died in a plane crash. In 1981 Torrijos died so Noriega became the general of Panama's military forces. He was a double agent and sold American intelligence secrets to Cuba and Eastern European governments.

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  20. Manuel Antonio Noriega Moreno is a former Panamanian politician and soldier. He was military governor of Panama from 1983 to 1989. In 1981, Omar Torrijos died in a plane crash and after a two-year power struggle, Noriega emerged as general of Panama's military forces. It is rumored that Noriega planted a bomb on the plane, causing the crash. Noriega strengthened his position as de facto ruler in August 1983 by promoting himself to full general. Over the years, Manuel Noriega was known for fixing elections and stamping out protests that did not meet with his political agendas. However, he maintained the support of the United States until 1989, when the Drug Enforcement Administration had him indicted for federal drug charges. In the years that followed, his relationship with the United States steadily declined and attempts were made to remove him from power. In 1989, George W. Bush demanded an invasion of Panama to capture Noriega. United States troops set up camp around the building and attempted to force him out by playing hard-rock music and the Howard Stern Show continuously. A few days later, a Panamanian crowd of thousands staged a demonstration, demanding Noriega's surrender. Also dealing with pressure from the Vatican, Manuel Noriega surrendered on January 3, 1990.

    Anthony Walker, Jr.
    January 5, 2012
    C Block

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  21. Manuel Noriega born in 1938, educated at one of the top high schools in Panama and awarded a scholarship to a military school in Lima. Upon his return to Panama, he was commissioned a sublieutenant in the National Guard where he rose through the ranks and became acquainted with Captain Omar Torrijos. For his loyalty, Noriega was promoted to lieutenant colonel and was named chief of military intelligence, in which position he established contact with the U.S. intelligence service.When Torrijos died, Noriega vied with other military and civilian leaders to gain the upper hand. In 1983 he succeeded to the command of the National Guard, unified the armed forces into the Panamanian Defense Forces, and promoted himself to the rank of general, becoming de facto leader of Panama. In 1989, Noriega canceled the presidential elections and attempted to rule through a puppet government. After a military coup against Noriega failed, the United States invaded Panama, and Noriega finally surrendered in January 1990. In a U.S. federal court, he was convicted of cocaine trafficking, racketeering, and money laundering. He received a 40-year sentence. In 2010 the U.S. Supreme Court refused to hear his appeal, and he was extradited to France convicted and sentenced to seven years in prison.

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  22. Manuel Noriega, the former dictator of the Central American country of Panama, rose to power through the art of destruction deception and detail. Manuel Noriega was born in 1934 in Panama City, Panama. Noriega was able to profit and flourish as Panama’s new leader because of the Cold War environment. Due to the Cold War, its geographical positioning, and financial liberties, Noriega was able to manipulate all parties involved while making him very wealthy, powerful, a political asset, and finally a threat to the United States National Security. He was involved in drug trafficking, arms smuggling, money laundering, and the ruthless oppression of his people. He also systematically violated the American Panamanian Canal treaties and harassed U.S. forces and institutions in Panama.
    Rachel Bernal
    D-Block

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  23. Manuel Noriega is a former military governor, politician and soldier of Panama. He was removed from power and detained as a prisoner of war in the United States in 1989 after the invasion of Panama. He became a leader in Panama because Omar Torrijos died in a plane crash. Noriega was a loyal soldier to Torrijos. Noriega surrendered to the U.S. because he had to face charges of drug trafficking. On July 10, 1992, Noriega was convicted of drug trafficking, money laundering, and racketeering. He was sentenced to 40 years in prison. Today he is still serving his sentence at a federal prison in Miami.

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  24. General Manuel Antonio Noriega as born in Panama in 1938 and helped seize power in a coup under omar Torrijos in 1968. He soon started up the infamous G-2 services, emrerged as a double agent, and even became a C.I.A. operative before his quest to be leader. After the death of Omar Torrijos and a two year power struggle, Noriega became general of panama's Military forces. With this power he became a dictator, using force to change laws and even hire his own "puppets". And to make matters worse, he was trafficking drugs as a way of getting himself rich. After the U.S.sent 13,000 troops to their soil and their own people began to rebel, Noriega dropped out of the running for president, Holied up at the vatican Embassy in panama City, and turned himself in to the U.S. militry.

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  25. Manuel Noriega also know as a former dictator of the Central American country of Panama.Due to the location of the cold war, Noriega's fame and fortune flourished. Noriega was able to manipulate all political parties and essentially making him a threat to the United States.After the invasion of Panama, he was removed from power and became a prisoner of war. At that time,Omar Torrijos was Panamas leader. He later died in a plane crash. Noriega became involved with several illegal transactions such as drug trafficking, ruthless oppression of people and arms smuggling. Noriega surrendered to the United States. On July 1992, he was convicted.

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  26. Noriega was born in 1938 and served Omar Trojillos in 1968. He worked for the CIA for some time, and was also a luitenent. After Trojillos' death, he rose to power as General of the Military in Panama. He was very corrupt and was being a dictator and was trafficing cocaine and laundering money to get rich. Then, the US sent 13,000 troops to Panama and he surrendered himself and was taken to jail.

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  27. Manuel Antonio Noriega Moreno is a former Panamanian politician and soldier. He was military governor of Panama from 1983 to 1989. In the 1989 invasion of Panama by the United States he was removed from power, captured, detained as a prisoner of war, and flown to the United States. Noriega was tried on eight counts of drug trafficking, racketeering, and money laundering in April 1992. Noriega's U.S. prison sentence ended in September 2007; pending the outcome of extradition requests by both Panama and France, for convictions in absentia for murder in 1995 and money laundering in 1999. France was granted its extradition request in April 2010. He arrived in Paris on April 27, 2010, and after a re-trial as a condition of the extradition, he was found guilty and sentenced to seven years in jail in July 2010. A conditional release was granted on September 23, 2011 for Noriega to be extradited to serve 20 years in Panama. He arrived in Panama on December 11, 2011.

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  28. Manuel Antonio Noriega Moreno was born on 11 February 1934 in Panama City. Noriega is most famous for being a Panamanian general and dictator. He ruled over Panama from 1983 until 1989. However, he was never the official president of the country. He became the leader of Panama of his hard work and dedications. He was part of the military coup that removed Arnulfo Arias from power. Noriega surrendered to U.S. military troops because of drug trafficking and face charges for it. The Panamanian General was charged with drug trafficking, indicted, captured in 1989 during Operation "Just Cause" (at the cost of between 427 and 4000 human lives both civilian and military) and tried, convicted, sentenced and imprisoned in the US.


    ROMIE MAZARD
    C BLOCK

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  29. an invasion of panama by the US he was removed from power., detained as a prisoner of war. Noreiga'sUS prison sentence ended in Spet.07 Born in Panama City he was a career soldier nd on january of 1933 of the fifth. construction begun on the golden gates bridge as workers began exxxcavating milloions of dirt for the structure .

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  30. Manuel Antonio Noriega was born in Panama and was Panama's general, he was a loyal soldier to General Omar Torrijos.When Torrijos died in a plane crash Noriega emerged as general of Panama's military forces. He became the country's de facto leader, fixing presidential election but his rule was marked by corruption and violence. Noriega surrendered to the U.S because They began considering the use of military action to put an end to his drug trafficking. On July 10, 1992, the former dictator was convicted of drug trafficking, money laundering and racketeering and sentenced to 40 years in prison.
    Ashley Vasquez
    D block

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  31. From 1983-1989, Manuel Antonio Noriega ruled Panama City. He was born on February 11, 1934 and in late 1989, the United States invaded Panama and took down Noriega by a U.S military operation and brought him to Miami. In 1992, he was sentenced to prison for drug trafficking and money laundering. Noriega became leader of Panama when his mentor Omar Torrijos passed away from a plane crash which was supposedly caused by a bomb and Noriega was ceded as Commander of the Forces of Panama. In August of 1983, he strengthened his position and promoted his self to full general. Manuel Noriega agreed to surrender under certain circumstances. He wanted the press to be kept away from the Vatican mission when he left, he wanted to be able to contact family and friends by telephone before being flown out of the country and he wanted to be able to wear his uniform when he surrendered.

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  32. Manuel Antonio Noriega Moreno was born on February 11,1934. He was commissioned in the Panama National Guard in 1967 and promoted to lieutenant in 1968. He was promoted lieutenant colonel and was appointed chief of military intelligence by Torrijos. When Torrijos died in a plane accident on July 31, 1981, which was said to be bomb by Noriega,Noriega became chief of staff and then Commander of the Forces. Years later President George W. Bush called for an invasion in Panama to capture Noriega for federal drug charges he surrender to the US military do to their harassment and the people rebellion.

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  33. Manuel Antonio Noregia is recognized as being Panama's former dictator (during the 1980's). Born in Panama on Feburay 11, 1934, he was a general under Omar Torrijos. Noregia took control of Panama's military forces after Torrijos's death caused by a plane accident. Becoming the nations 'defacto leader' Noregia was able to place in power officials of his choosing. It was on Jan. 3, 1990 that Noregia after 10 days of hiding at the Vatican embassy in Panama, surrenders to US troops. Drug trafficking, money laundry and racketeering were the chargers for which the Central American dictator was sentenced 40 years in a Miami prison.

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  34. Born in Panama City, Noriega was a career soldier, receiving much of his education at the Military School of Chorrillos in Lima, Peru. He also received intelligence and counterintelligence training at the School of the Americas at the U.S. Army base Fort Gulick in 1967, as well as a course in psychological operations at Fort Bragg, North Carolina, USA. He was commissioned in the Panama National Guard in 1967 and promoted to lieutenant in 1968. It has been alleged that he was part of the military coup that removed Arnulfo Arias from power, although in Noriega's account of the 1968 coup, neither he nor his mentor Omar Torrijos were involved.In the power struggle that followed, including a failed coup attempt in 1969, Noriega supported Torrijos. He received a promotion to lieutenant colonel and was appointed chief of military intelligence by Torrijos. Noriega claims that, following Torrijos' instructions, he negotiated an amnesty for about 400 defeated guerrilla fighters, enabling them to return from exile in Honduras and Costa Rica.
    Torrijos died in a plane accident on July 31, 1981. Colonel Roberto Díaz Herrera, a former associate of Noriega, claimed that the actual cause for the accident was a bomb and that Noriega was behind the incident.
    Omar Torrijos was succeeded as Commander of the Panamanian National Guard by Colonel Florencio Flores Aguilar. One year later, Flores was succeeded by Rubén Darío Paredes, and Noriega became chief of staff. The Guard was renamed the Panamanian Defense Forces. Paredes resigned as Commander to run for the presidency. He ceded his post as Commander of the Forces to Noriega.

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  35. Manuel Antonio Noriega is a former Panamanian politician and soldier. He was the military governor of Panama from 1983 to 1989. In 1981, Omar Torrijos died in a plane crash and after a two-year power struggle, Noriega emerged as general of Panama's military forces. Later on president George Bush called for Panama to be invaded to arrest Noriega for federal drug charges. What I find interesting is that they made him surrender simply by playing rock music for a few days. I guess it shows sometimes you don't need violence to get results sometimes you need patience.

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  36. Manuel Antonio Noriega is a former Panama politician and soldier. He was also a military governor of Panama. He was commissioned in the Panama National Guard in 1967 and promoted to lieutenant in 1968. Due to the death of Panama’s leader Torrijos (who died in a plane crash) he was able to become the next leader. Manuel Noriega surrendered to the United States because they had invaded into Panama and he knew he could not escape. One of the main reasons the Unites States invaded Panama was because of the illegal drug trafficking he was doing.

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  37. Manuel Antonio Noriega, who was born in Panama in 1938, was a loyal soldier to General Omar Torrijos, who seized power in a 1968 coup. Noriega headed up the notorious G-2 intelligence service, which harassed and terrorized people who criticized the Torrijos regime. Noriega also became a C.I.A. operative, while at the same time getting rich smuggling drugs. After Torrijos died, he became the country's de facto leader. After holing up for 10 days at the Vatican embassy in Panama City, Noriega surrendered to U.S. military troops to face charges of drug trafficking. It is said that he surrendered because he is an opera lover, and the U.S. Military troops blasted rock-n-roll music outside of the Vatican Embassy until Noriega came out and surrendered.

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  38. Mike Perez
    Noriega was born in Panama in 1938, was a soldier to Omar Torrijos, who gained power in a 1968 coup. Under Torrijos, Noriega headed up G-2 intelligence service, which harassed and terrorized people who criticized the Torrijos regime. Noriega also became a C.I.A. operative, while at the same time getting rich by smuggling drugs. Two years later after Torijos died in a plane crash Noriega emerged as general of Panama's military forces. He became the country's de facto leader, by fixing elections so he could install his own officials. Noriega's was marked by corruption and violence. He also became a double agent, selling American intelligence secrets to Cuba and Eastern European governments. In 1987, when Panamanians organized protests against Noriega and demanded his ouster, he declared a national emergency, shut down radio stations and newspapers and forced his political enemies into exile. Panama has hated this man for years he was hiding for a while but he’s surrender can finally save panama from Noriega.

    Mike perez

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  39. Noriega was a Panama leader who had been involved with Panama’s military for years. He is a former soldier, general, de facto, C.I.A. agent, and also a double agent. He became a leader in Panama so that he could enforce his will and power. He would fix presidential elections to have his own political officials. When he was in power, he was known for a lot of corruption and violence. He would give secret information about America to Cuba and eastern European governments. And when people of Panama finally got tired of his rule, he basically shut down the whole country. Noriega finally surrendered to the U.S. to face charges of drug trafficking, money laundering, and racketeering and is serving his sentence of 40 years in prison.
    Jcharles

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  40. Mr Manuel Antonio Noriega was born on February 11 1934'. He was President of Panama. He was also general of the mi.kraft in Panama. He became a double agent by selling secrets of American intelligence to Cuba. He was supposed to ha e been out of power 4 years before was Americans were not able to do it. He finally took refuge in the Vatican embassy for 10 day and the drug enforcement of the united stated arrested him in Panama.

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  42. Noriega was born n Panama in 1938, was a loyal soldier to General Omar Torrijos. Heis now serving his sentence at a federal prison in Miami. He became the country's de facto leader, after Omar Torrijos died in a plane crash . He also became a double agent, selling American intelligence secrets to Cuba and Eastern European governments. Noriega simply gave up after 10 days holding the. Vatican embassy because he couldn't withstand the U.S military.

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  43. Manuel Antonio Noriega was born in Panama in 1938 and was Panama's general, he was a loyal soldier to General Omar Torrijos.When Torrijos died, Noriega vied with other military and civilian leaders to gain the upper hand. In 1983 he succeeded to the command of the National Guard, unified the armed forces into the Panamanian Defense Forces, and promoted himself to the rank of general, becoming de facto leader of Panama. In 1987, when Panamanians organized protests against Noriega and demanded his ouster, he declared a national emergency, shut down radio stations and newspapers and forced his political enemies into exile. Panama has hated this man for years he was hiding for a while but he’s surrender can finally save panama from Noriega.

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  44. General Manuel Noriega was born in Panama in 1938. He was a very loyal soldier to General Omar Torrijos. Noriega became leader of Panama when his mentor Omar Torrijos passed away. Manuel Noriega surrendered to the United States because they invaded into Panama and he had an idea that there had been no kind of escape to it.

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  45. In 1926, there was a two-man comedy series "Sam 'n' Henry" later, changing its name to "Amos 'n' Andy," IT became one of the most popular radio shows in american history. Even though they were white they played two black men. It was always a hit but over the next 22 years, the show became the highest-rated comedy in radio history with more than 40 million listeners. Then they made a tv show and it was the first tv show with an all black cast.

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